Structure of Chlorhexidine

Cationicity

• The presence of multiple amine and imine groups makes chlorhexidine cationic, meaning that it readily takes on a positive charge. This enables chlorhexidine to interact with salivary proteins electrostatically, and adsorb onto the pellicle-coated enamel of teeth, allowing it to provide extended protection against bacteria.
  
  

Interference

• Anionic substances such as sodium lauryl sulfate, commonly found in toothpaste, disrupt chlorhexidine's cationic activity. For this reason, a time delay between brushing and gargling is advisable.
  
  

Mouthwash

• Chlorhexidine reduces bacteria and dental plaque. It protects the teeth and combats gum disease.
  
  

Taste Perception

• Chlorhexidine may interfere with taste perception.
  
  

Staining

• Chlorhexidine may stain teeth. Modifications of chlorhexidine, which stain less, are being developed and evaluated.