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How to Do Internal Text Citations

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    Internal Text Citations in MLA Format

    • 1). List the last name of the author you are citing, and the page number you are citing. These should be enclosed in parentheses. For example:

      (Jameson 24)

    • 2). Place your parenthetical citation directly after the quoted or paraphrased passage, even if it is not at the end of the sentence. The citation should appear before punctuation marks such as commas, colons, semicolons and periods. For example:

      One contemporary author went so far as to suggest that salt was "the most devilish of all the spices" (Jameson 24); most chefs of the time disagreed.

    • 3). Cite only the page number if you have already mentioned the author's name in the sentence. For example:

      Jameson went so far as to suggest that salt was "the most devilish of all the spices" (24); most chefs of the time disagreed.

    Internal Text Citations in APA Format

    • 1). List the last name of the author, the year of publication, and the page number you are citing. These should appear in parentheses. Separate the elements of your citation with commas. For example:

      (Jameson, 1598, p. 24)

    • 2). Place your parenthetical citation directly after the quoted or paraphrased passage, even if it is not at the end of the sentence. The citation should appear before punctuation marks such as commas, colons, semicolons and periods. For example:

      One contemporary author went so far as to suggest that salt was "the most devilish of all the spices" (Jameson, 1598, p. 24); most chefs of the time disagreed.

    • 3). Cite only the year of publication and the page number if you have already mentioned the author's name in the sentence. In this case, the year of publication should be positioned directly after the author's name. The page number should still be positioned directly after the quoted or paraphrased passage. For example:

      Jameson (1598) went so far as to suggest that salt was "the most devilish of all the spices" (p. 24); most chefs of the time disagreed.

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