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Thomson CA, Horn LV, Caan BJ, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality during the intervention and postintervention periods of the Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. September 25, 2014. [Epub ahead of print]
This randomized controlled low-fat intervention for prevention of breast and colorectal cancers was conducted in 48,835 postmenopausal US women aged 50 to 79 years. Total invasive cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and cancer-specific and overall mortality were among the outcomes. There was a reduced risk for estrogen receptor positive/progesterone receptor-negative tumors during follow-up. In women with higher baseline fat intake, point estimates of breast cancer risk were HR, 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.92) during the intervention versus HR, 1.11 (95% CI, 0.84-1.4) during postintervention follow-up. During the postintervention period or the combined intervention and follow-up periods, there were no intervention effects on invasive breast or colorectal cancer, other cancers, or cancer-specific or overall mortality. In intervention women, dietary fat intake increased postintervention.
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